NURSING

1. Which among the following chronology is correct regarding four ‘samvatas’ ?
(1) Gupta–Gregorian–Hizri–Saka
(2) Gregorian–Saka–Hizri–Gupta
(3) Saka–Gregorian–Hizri–Gupta
(4) Hizri–Gupta–Gregorian–Saka
(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. year 1997)
1. (*) Samvat is any of the various Hindu calendars. In India, there are several calendars in use. The Saka Samvat is associated with 78 A.D; Gupta Samvat with 320 A.D; and Hijri Samvat with 622 A.D. The first year of Hijri era was the Islamic year beginning in AD 622 during which the emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina, known as the Hijra, occurred. The Gregorian calendar, also called the Western calendar and the Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February, 1582.
2. The home of Gargi, Maitrey, and Kapila was at
(1) Vidisha
(2) Ujjain
(3) Pataliputra
(4) Mithila
(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. year 1997 )
2. (4) The name ‘Mithila‘ goes back to Puranic times. It occurs in the Mahabharata and in Pali literature. According to the Puranic tradition the name has been derived from that of Mithi (son of Nimi) King of Ayodhya and grandson of Manu who founded a kingdom which was called Mithila after him. It is associated with Valmiki, Ashtavakra, Yajnavalkya, Udayana, Mahavira, Kanada, Jaimini and Kapila as well as the women philosophers, such as, Gargi, Maitreyi, Bharati and Katyayani. After the era of the Ramayana it is said that the three seats of culture in Vedic period - Kosala, Kasi and Videha - merged to form the Vajjians confederacy and the centre of political gravity shifted from Mithila to Vaishali.
3. Which area of India was known as Avantika in ancient times ?
(1) Avadh
(2) Ruhelkhand
(3) Bundelkhand
(4) Malwa
(SSC Section Officer (Audit) Exam. year 1997 )
3. (4) Ujjain (Avanti, Avantikapuri), is an ancient city of Malwa region in central India, on the eastern bank of the Kshipra River, today part of the state of Madhya Pradesh. Avanti with its capital at Ujjaini, is mentioned in Buddhist literature as one of the four great powers along with Vatsa, Kosala and Magadha.
4. The Social System of the Harappans was :
(1) Fairly egalitarian
(2) Slave-Labour based
(3) Colour (Varna) based
(4) Caste based
(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 04.07.1999 (Ist Sitting)
4. (1) The archaeological record of the Indus civilization provides practically no evidence of armies, kings, slaves, social conflict, prisons, and other oft-negative traits that we traditionally associated with early civilizations. If there were neither slaves nor kings, a more egalitarian system of governance may have been practiced. Besides, compared to other ancient civilizations the houses were of nearly equal size indicating a more egalitarian social structure i.e. The Social System of the Harappans was fairly egalitarian
5. Which of the following Vedas provides information about the civilisation of the Early Vedic Age?
(1) Rig-veda
(2) Yajur-veda
(3) Atharva-veda
(4) Sama-veda
(SSC Combined Graduate Level Prelim Exam. 04.07.1999 (Ist Sitting)
5. (1) The Vedic period (or Vedic age) was a period in history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. The time span of the period is uncertain. Philological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Rig Veda, the oldest of the Vedas, was composed roughly between 1700 and 1100 BCE, also referred to as the early Vedic period. It is an important source of information on the Vedic religion and their Gods as well as presents a detailed account of the life of the people at that time